Neftaly Hospital policies on patient autonomy and AI

Informed Consent for AI Use

• Policy: Patients must be fully informed when AI is used in their diagnosis, treatment, or care decisions.
• Guidelines:
  • Clear Communication: Explain how AI tools work, their role in decision-making, potential risks, and benefits.
  • Voluntary Consent: Patients must voluntarily agree to AI usage, without pressure or coercion.
  • Right to Opt-Out: Ensure that patients are aware they can opt out of AI-assisted care without losing access to traditional treatment options.
• Implementation:
  • Provide written, understandable documentation.
  • Offer follow-up conversations to ensure full understanding, especially for complex AI systems.

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2. AI Transparency and Explainability

• Policy: Patients have the right to understand how AI decisions are made and the rationale behind them.
• Guidelines:
  • Explainability: Ensure that AI decision-making processes are transparent and understandable to both clinicians and patients.
  • Accessible Language: Avoid jargon; explain AI decisions in plain language.
  • Clinical Oversight: AI-generated results should always be reviewed by human clinicians, who must explain how AI supports their decisions.
• Implementation:
  • Use AI systems with explainability features and human oversight.
  • Document how AI was used in patient care decisions.

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3. Respecting Patient Autonomy

• Policy: AI should not replace the fundamental principle of patient autonomy, which allows individuals to make decisions about their own healthcare.
• Guidelines:
  • Shared Decision-Making: Ensure AI supports, rather than overrides, patient choices. AI should provide data and insights, not dictate decisions.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Recognize that patient values, preferences, and cultural contexts influence decision-making. AI tools should respect these.
  • Consent for Data Use: Patients should be informed about how their personal health data is used for AI purposes, including for training and research.
• Implementation:
  • Ensure AI tools are designed to facilitate patient-clinician discussions, not replace them.
  • Regularly review AI tools to ensure they align with hospital values and patient rights.

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4. Addressing AI Bias and Equity

• Policy: AI systems must be evaluated for biases that may impact certain populations differently.
• Guidelines:
  • Bias Mitigation: Implement regular audits to identify and correct biases in AI algorithms (e.g., race, gender, socioeconomic factors).
  • Equitable Access: Ensure all patients, regardless of background, have equal access to AI-enhanced care.
  • Transparency on AI Bias: Inform patients if AI systems are found to have biases that could affect their care.
• Implementation:
  • Invest in diverse datasets to train AI tools.
  • Ensure patient-facing materials reflect the diversity of the population.

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5. Confidentiality and Data Security

• Policy: Patient data used in AI tools must be protected in line with legal standards (e.g., HIPAA, GDPR).
• Guidelines:
  • Data Privacy: Ensure that patient data used in AI models is anonymized or securely encrypted.
  • Clear Data Consent: Obtain explicit consent from patients for the use of their data in AI systems, including for training purposes.
  • Right to Data Access: Patients should have access to their data and be able to request its deletion if they choose to opt-out of AI-based services.
• Implementation:
  • Use secure data storage and sharing practices.
  • Regular audits and compliance checks.

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6. Patient-Centered Care with AI

• Policy: AI should enhance patient care by providing personalized treatment options and supporting clinical decisions without compromising the human aspect of care.
• Guidelines:
  • Patient-First Approach: AI should be used to personalize treatment and

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