Transplant rejection occurs when the recipient’s immune system recognizes the donor organ as foreign and attacks it. There are three main types:
| Type | Onset | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hyperacute | Minutes to hours post-op | Caused by pre-formed antibodies; often irreversible; surgical emergency |
| Acute | Days to months post-transplant | T-cell or antibody-mediated; can be reversed if treated promptly |
| Chronic | Months to years | Progressive loss of graft function; slower onset; harder to reverse |
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